Cho-Chou Kuo: you and hearing friends, Good morning! Welcome to the core network and information talk show, I'm your host Cho-Chou Kuo. First of all I wish you all here National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Happiness. Speaking of the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival today Festival, this year is the first ultra-long holiday, eight days, so in the eight days I think a lot of friends who will use this time to travel, and some individual to travel, as well as a family to follow the tour groups to travel. we go out for tourism time will find a big problem, attractions, prices suddenly changed, the previous 20 dollars, now may become 60 dollars, the former may now be turned into 140 dollars 200 dollars, and I think this is right feelings and wishes of all travel may all have a great impact. Therefore, the topic of our discussion today is how to look after another scenic spot ticket prices in the case before the holiday. we are honored to have invited two experts, one of China China Travel newspaper economics editor, director of Research Center of Chinese Academy of Social Tourism Research Fellow Dr. Liu Simin. (09: 43)
Liu SM: netizens, Hello everybody. (09: 44)
Cho-Chou Kuo: Another Foreign Economic Relations Trade University, Associate Professor, School of Public Administration Dr. Li Changan. (09: 45)
Li CA: Hello, everybody. (09: 45)
Cho-Chou Kuo: Because soon to be holiday, and talk about the topic of tourism, so you can easily lively point, we can express their views. As you travel Liu authoritative media institutions, on the whole market is a better understanding of tourism, and to treat the case of scenic spots, prices can now be said to have different opinions, in the end is what circumstances can you give us explain. (09: 45)
Liu SM: you friends, just host said, and this year National Day Golden Week Golden Week should be said that there has been the longest time, because eight is a . a The. (09: 46)
Liu SM: There seems indeed that there was a discordant note, the so-called problem area ticket prices, media reports focused on the past few days, I received a lot of media interviews, see The problem seems to be very serious. In fact, I personally think that this problem may have misread the ingredients inside the media, there is indeed a lot of area prices, but there have been many scenic promise not to price increases. I personally think the media speculation than actual more heat. because last year there three years ago, the United National Development and Reform Commission has asked several ministries tickets on the problem area within a year for three years and 27 can not be reiterated .8 prices can not concentrate prices before the holiday, which means it has three years and one year deadline does not allow him prices, we know the value of the price fluctuations around three years, prices have been frozen makes sense now. Of course it could not focus on price, for fear the impact of the formation of too much, I think this is also prudent. (09: 47)
Liu SM: We have a number of price increases ticket prices, not raising their prices are also a number of commitments, a large absolute number of our country is not small, so the momentum is huge, so it said to be focused on price, I personally think that whether it is the media so far Ye Hao, expert or just the Government or not a truly compelling figure, as well as first-line survey figures, what area we are more than ten thousand price increases in the number of companies, the number of homes not raising their prices, it is not, so this process can be considered a rally. (09: 47)
Liu SM: In general, the case of tickets, ticket prices are relatively in Beijing low, relatively stable since 2003, a large-scale adjustment, the hearing caused a great controversy, recently there is no movement. the field overall high prices, prices in the area of the first camp. I think everyone on prices issues concerned with is yes, but also gives the PRC Price Law of the rights of news organizations monitoring the price, so we are all concerned about this issue. Our area of the price itself is a very complex problem, people are concerned, the discussion, I think the price on the scenic modification mechanism, including our price method is more than a dozen years ago, you do not change? it needs to be discussed. (09: 48)
Cho-Chou Kuo: I think we are so concerned about the price of area, so that we for many years lived well, money, time go out to play, and as before, no money, not any time to go out to play, no matter how up area, no matter how or nothing to do with us. (09: 58)
Si-Min Liu: the price change as the villa we have any relations with (09: 59)
Li CA: I have Dr. Liu about the reasons for price increases, the prices of so many people have an important reason for concern is that a great relationship with the macroeconomic, our country since late last year after the imposition of economic stimulus plan, the first three quarters of this year's situation is awash with liquidity, is awash with liquidity that we will have inflation expectations, and from now on view meat, eggs, the magnitude of those price increases of food prices now seems relatively large. The area has emerged ticket prices, I see individual area more than 100% increase. now includes the central level is also very concerned about, and now will not lead to inflation, have the expected, so from the food prices began to rise, from awash with liquidity, including asset prices, we think the price up area, there is something in the next step up? it appears in a very private time price increases things, attracted nationwide attention, the background is also relatively large. (09: 59)
Li CA: In addition, Dr. Liu has just talked about for several reasons, one of which was suppressed for a long time the urge to price increases . demand that respect and it was suppressed for a long time, including the financial turmoil, including the flu, but also suppress a part of demand. to a release of a very long vacation, economics, the creation of a very simple reason of supply and demand, as a sudden burst of demand out, attractions, no significant changes in the supply situation, price increases to a large extent has its inevitable reality. (10: 00)
Cho-Chou Kuo: We can say that some of view on the price, including myself, are basically on from the media point of view, in the end I do not how to be very clear. see now from the media reports, this is often a very high price rises famous tourist attractions, the joint area of Guangdong is not more than a dozen rose price, but it is unknown a few scenic area, so if you think you contrast this is quite serious, so such a view. (10: 01)
Liu SM: I misread that the media still confused For example, I see the media coverage he cites examples of prices, Emei Mountain cable prices, cable and ticket is not the same (10: 01)
Cho-Chou Kuo: cable prices as a disguised form, so there may be those problem. (10: 02)
Li CA: natural landscape with the ordinary commodities are very different, the natural landscape in economics called natural monopoly products, reflecting the relatively large may be the reason why people with the attributes of this product a lot, because it has a monopoly. For example, Emei Mountain and the Forbidden City is alone in this one, in the tourism market can not replace. (10: 02)
Cho-Chou Kuo: The peak tourist prices is understandable, the peak when I prices, the off-season when I price, you just say that this is a monopoly of resources, but the resources in the end is this? is a public resource that belongs to all or part of your own? example Stone Forest Scenic Spot, is the Stone Forest Stone Forest people or the country? If the Shilin Stone Forest alone, of course, nothing wrong with you just how we price, if it is the country's Stone Forest, you do raise the prices continue, this not be justified. (10: 02)
Li CA: You mentioned a natural monopoly product, the other property, that is, the nature of public goods. (10: 03)
Li CA: You mentioned that a natural monopoly product, the other property, that is, the nature of public goods. We first talk about two separate natural monopoly products in foreign countries, most recently I read the relevant literature is the pricing of natural monopoly products, including tourism product pricing models. like the Forbidden City, Mount Emei and Zhangjiajie, we property point of view it is a natural monopoly, as tap water, in our daily lives have access to many of the products of natural monopolies, natural monopolies, the formation of products Why? It has a very important additional feature is its economy of scale , you can not put it style, such as the Forbidden City is divided into ten small yard, this theory is not impossible, but it is not economies of scale. Since it is a monopoly product, the product is not any its monopoly method instead. If there is no regulation, it does not take care of the public nature of public goods characteristics, it will blind prices, to mention a high price to learn monopoly profits, for example, to improve my quality of service I do not learn from monopoly profits case. public goods are a public good problem, you should not receive its money? or you do not need to obtain normal profits in case you do not get to monopoly profits? the range of products and services should be Who? This is a problem, so mainstream in the West , the general view that the natural monopoly pricing of products can not by themselves, he made a lot of ways, one is government intervention, government price control, our country is the way he NDRC price department at least one of the product guide views. Second, the government adopted price ceiling, for example, I set how much of your tickets, very specific. (10: 27)
Liu SM: I just say that we price method is more than ten years ago and , which area of price control are the source of goods and services prices, both prices are actually the special nature of inadequate understanding of tourism products. He said that commodity prices are tangible and intangible goods, not intangible product prices. services Price is the price paid services, and tourism products are often the characteristics of goods and services have the characteristics of both. For example, I found a door mounds Jiuzhaigou I stand, what service you go I did not, it is the intangible product. If I provide products you explain that tangible services, we take a look at the Price Law to be this split, this is insufficient. in accordance with the existing price method, originally on the price control in three ways, one way is the Government price, one is government guidance, One is market pricing. In fact, we lack of knowledge for the product, according to the current price method, the specific area the central government will not control prices, price Development and Reform Commission Secretary said yesterday, Ticket Pricing in local government, why the local government? Indeed, with the monopoly area, but its monopoly of gasoline with the natural monopoly and monopolies are two different things, gasoline monopoly is a national monopoly, but only two or three suppliers,Discount UGG boots, it does form a monopoly, so I'm sure the price you can no longer national sell at high prices. But the formation of the special nature of tourism products is not the same with this, the monopoly is no doubt, but not the monopoly of the same, so if the way to resolve this with the monopoly product pricing is ridiculous tourist attractions. The central government will this pricing power to local governments, he can not say that the world heritage area to determine a price, impossible. (10: 27)
Liu SM: We mentioned it in fact we have three types of tourism products, not all monopolies , we always say that the general problem. For example, Beijing Happy Valley, this land was originally a village, is an agricultural land, and later the city expanded, urban planning, said to be a park. This is a piece of land can actually be used as a real estate, you can also do a mall, and he now made a theme park, is purely fictitious. we should not critically critical time. fabricated a fully priced market law, no one can control, but prepare a case. we have just mentioned the Forbidden City, Zhangjiajie this area, this area spend a lot of money, the cost of a large scale is great. did you see the Jiuzhaigou National Palace does not mean I do not need to go, Zhangjiajie No, It is unique, and this uniqueness is not a local person. you say is Beijing's Forbidden City? Yes, our ancestors built into, and this is our community's Republic of China, can not be exclusively local . (10: 28)
Liu SM: Problems in the result, who previously arrayed conservation Palace here? maintenance cost is a big overhead. Palace does not belong to Beijing, when the State Cultural Relics Bureau and the Ministry of Culture directly control The Summer Palace, Beijing Bureau of Parks is, if it is to bear the maintenance costs in Beijing, so that people across the country, or even people around the world free access to low-cost share is not allowed. Our little better developed areas, such as Jiuzhaigou is backward areas , the central matter of its people across the country to share development costs, that does not mean that the cost of the same predatory, so I personally think that this world, national heritage and scenic spots should be treated differently. You either take the way national parks, the Central Government bear the cost up, and then I set a price, everyone a fair share. or the implementation of the Government's pricing, but to consider the cost of the price. (10: 29)
Cho-Chou Kuo: Do you have reason prices scenic, scenic prices There are many reasons, but now a lot of media coverage, in fact, a lot of reasons this is not established, for example, the cost of protection, I read some information on each of the major attractions billion in fixed income, essentially pulling Yan Guo Mao, the real protection is used very few tourist attractions. (10: 29)
Liu SM: He said that these reasons are established from the qualitative sense, indeed there, maybe several reasons for this is that this area has , another area to one or two, there is. But from a quantitative point of view really is worth studying, it is worth exploring. Sometimes a lot of scenic spots from the perspective of protection as the price increases, for this reason is pretense, and tickets for the so-called improved The way limit the flow of the purpose is to protect the cover, that's for sure. I said three types of pricing, there is a middle class, to borrow the public resources, the operating company the right to win, he should within five years profit, he has the cost of inputs, the price can not be solely determined by market pricing, the government can not fully pricing, this case should be the government guidance. just Liboshiti's limited to a maximum price or base price for a float. (10 : 29)
Liu SM: This is actually three ways to distinguish our look at the price of tickets, in fact, including the World Heritage area can be differentiated, for example, there is a type of Zhouzhuang this ancient towns, in fact it Unlike the Imperial Palace is only one, similar to many alternative products, and even more than six dozen in the southern region as much. but the key features of its, it is not flesh and blood, nor is it the natural landscape, as are all of our land state-owned, it is the synthesis of a whole set of houses to form a landscape, such as Guizhou Miao cottage, you can not say I did not even pricing, but because of their relatively strong substitutability, prices may he a good cause trend, as the diversion of his source, he may really be protected, the other will even out. (10: 30)
Li CA: just talked about the price ceiling will cause if the state interferes too much problem, if price ceiling will cause demand to engage in too much excess demand. area is out of the dilemma in this regard, such as the National Palace, the Forbidden City is now a reasonable flow of traffic and particularly the gap, the actual flow and actual flow of peace several times, more than ten times. There Huangshan, Lushan, if traffic is too large will also have security problems. local governments also face a dilemma, for example, our own sense of the Forbidden City, from a vertical to more than, I'm 80 years of it in college when the ticket is 5 cents. After 20 years, and now you see its price a few times up hundreds of times. I saw the price of a measure of the proportion of area prices and the income ratio of 80 when we only 100 dollars per capita wages may be about 60,70 dollars, 5 cents a share of what? We now look 60,70 dollars, and now the normal fare of less than 100 dollars, with our current income than I would like to change this ratio is not too large. (10: 30)
Cho-Chou Kuo: very big, used to be 5 cents, is 1 / 200, is now 5 cents a ticket, what percentage of 200, now Why do you think the high ticket price, with income level of the whole of China is relatively higher than the ticket. (10: 31)
Li CA: You said this is part of the reason. (10: 31)
Cho-Chou Kuo: A data, the West Classic Tickets Famous income, the price is ? 12 Buckingham Palace, this is very low in the UK. Grand Canyon and the World Heritage Park Tickets are $ 10 each, 16 years of age free of charge. (10: 31) < br> Si-Min Liu: If you compare with the income, why income becomes so unreasonable, we increase the number of visitors up to rate, in accordance with supply and demand, it should be very few of the fishes, that our population base is too large, even if the ratio does not reasonable circumstances, the absolute number of people with spending power is still very large. (10: 31)
Li CA: With our improved quality of life. (10: 32)
Cho-Chou Kuo: I read the previous paragraph an article, tourist attractions have become developers, real estate, affordable housing is also a minority, although a small number of tall people can afford such a high, but can buy. tourist attractions there are the problem. (10: 32)
Liu SM: Do not say that people around the world share the Forbidden City, we go there once a lifetime, as can the Chinese people, but we have 1.4 billion people 60 years of a cycle, a person a lifetime to one, the best accommodation was more than the Forbidden City every day, so by Admission control flow is nonsense. To resolve the issue of protection is only one way to draw the United States system of national parks, national selection, screening, part of a truly select the most representative and most, including the value of the area, up to 100, set 100 national parks, the 100 national parks the cost of the central government, the implementation of low ticket prices, free of charge or manage. but how people go? just said it is unfair to high-ticket, do not result in the end I can see money, money can not see the poor is unfair. However, the low ticket and sabotage unfair way to make an appointment to take tickets, accommodation was carried out in strict accordance with strict scientific appointments, the United States is such a royal park. But the problem is we can not afford the protection of the Central Government costs, he contracted with the local government. For example, the state-owned enterprises in the past, you earn every penny you paid to the central government is not dynamic, big pot, we are not positive. But you contract, you have to fight for your interests maximization. Now the local government is such contractor, because the central government let an irresponsible local government responsible, you said the park 500 to 5000 people, I think very necessary, so I have cost over plucking a goose normal, ticket sales in many areas of local government's cash cow, but also become an official told us. just said in the past contracted factory director, not after the money he earned, he also became the official told everyone to go to , we have the situation well-known scenic spot ticket, too, if the Central Government to take up this responsibility you bear, but he faces the central government because of the need to do a lot of public welfare, science, education, sanitation, health, poverty reduction, a series of central government finance is limited. (10: 33)
Cho-Chou Kuo: As long as costs do not need him to do an open and transparent investment, the normal costs of closing, the price is not high. we can not verify the data, only a tenth of a word used in the protected area. (10: 33)
Liu SM: I can give you an example, because the working relationship I have been to a Palace from the Donghua Gate, I saw the picture of the general tourists can not imagine. We go from the Meridian Gate, Shenwu Men out, although there are some parts that feel more dilapidated, but the overall feeling is magnificent. but I went from weed Donghuamen one long high, a lot of dilapidated houses. Palace income is high ticket price is not high, but high ticket sales price, as much traffic, why do not protect the income of several hundred million Palace? Why can not carry out repairs on the overall Palace? I think there are two hypotheses, one assuming that funds were misappropriated or embezzled. Another assumption, even if such a high ticket price, so much traffic it is not enough for effective virtuous circle, or the State Council Development and Reform Commission is a special investigation group should be chaired Palace accounts public. (10: 33)
Cho-Chou Kuo: Class 5A scenic spots such as your income, how much spending is open and transparent, no matter how high prices will understand that we may heart. If what you are opaque, we do not know Where is your money. (10: 34)
Li CA: In fact, open their own accounts you have no obligation, unless a listed company. (10: 34)
Cho-Chou Kuo: If you put it as public resources, I feel an obligation to this work. (10: 34)
Li CA: This with the product attributes of a great relationship, a very important issue is over the market, with us talking about education, that our nineties every day about the industrialization of education, some of the unique tourism resources, we have just mentioned some famous landscapes and world heritage, in its understanding of the nature of a lot she lay on the move, to look at it as just an ordinary commodity, When the central government in the operation over the market, a result of over-market price hikes, arbitrary charges, service degradation, etc., this seems like the same out of compulsory education. The central government too little capital investment, local governments in order to maintain maintenance costs, including personnel costs are bound to price increases, trying to gain some benefits of this approach. I think from the perspective of deeper aspects of the management system. (10: 35)
Cho-Chou Kuo: I went to the Temple of Heaven park, the Temple of Heaven Park, a pen costs of repairs are listed very clearly that if we are all like that, I think no matter how you price your price is reasonable as long as everyone can understand, but now the problem is impossible so. (10: 36)
Li CA: According to Dr. Liu about the U.S. national park programs, basically you can do it this way, if the central government selected 100 spots, the distribution of welfare approach taken by the central government if they can take This management style that he can open accounts, you can see that the central government financial subsidies to the extent of the gap in operational terms. Now the central government do not do this entirely to local governments, local governments and some companies contracted to tourism development, So he put this thing as a complete product. (10: 37)
Liu SM: This is not quite accurate, there are some general qualifications, such as provincial and national level to sell the franchise, but there is no transfer of world-class, entirely of government, so our government often plays the role of developers, local governments should have to do public service, and he became a developer, this is common. (10: 37)
Li CA: It was concluded that we 30 years of experience in reform and opening up, it is important to the local government enterprise, not just the tourism product, in the real estate is more obvious. One is to maximize revenue, we speak of public economics, local government local government pursuit of profit. But We now look at these products, especially we proposed the building of a harmonious society and building public-oriented government, service-oriented government, the Government has positioned the positioning of government and public service oriented government, your practice or the practice of local government enterprise right, which is a big problem. (10: 37)
Liu SM: This would involve tax reform, I rise to local government tax a lot of taxes, I became only the rent by selling. There are some in very remote areas, I can only sell tickets to sell fills my revenue. (10: 37)
Li CA: Many local governments that the State take too much. (10: 38)
Liu SM : including just said that the issue of housing, why such a big impulse, a question of taxation, the fundamental fact is not feasible affordable housing, including low-cost housing can not easily do, low-rent housing should be the central and local governments can do together because the population from the countryside to cities is a marginal. (10: 38)
Cho-Chou Kuo: soaring prices of tourist attractions, have any effect on tourism in the end? course, you say that the Chinese population base increases, Ze is dry and fishing practices? (10: 38)
Liu SM: for some Ze and fishing area is dry on the prices, especially prices attracted media attention really want to be cautious. I personally think that this price increase a sense been misread and exaggerated, not because I do travel reasons. I just do travel because the media can be more realistic than the mass media exposure to some things, so I was so in terms of the problem. you say travel Scenic Spots price formation mechanism, I feel the need to do some big social discussion, we need not need to change the Price Law, be no need to limit the travel of special commodities. particularity lies in its monopoly, but unlike natural gas and tap water, to be categorized not discriminate. If the recognition of its monopoly, government intervention is necessary to recognize the nature of its market, you can not over-intervention, it should be stressed that recognition of the impact of supply and demand. We note that the first half of this year many regions the travel coupons, discounts, to the season is unprecedented in the history of the case of Golden Week, why do we not raising their prices, we really think that the prices of individual area is a small part, not the collective. Just now, we analyzed the the reasons for price increases, there are many rational view, can not say that it is nonsense, some guise, some truth, but also related to the central government's responsibility. ticket prices you can say in disguise, such as West Lake free of charge, many people feel good, I think very good, you had to learn not to say that the West Lake, learning can not. West Lake is a model, but by no means universal-all laissez-faire. free of charge on the West there is a big misunderstanding that we It is the city of lakes, it can not ring up, can not be completely tickets, so this time things along the West Lake, I think this model in many lakes in the city should be promoted, but by no means all of the park can imitate China. (10: 39)
Li CA: tourism product, we proposed to the discussion of the nature, to be administered for similar, for example, relatively large for the educational value, can have a huge positive benefit of the product externally, such as the Forbidden City, open to the National People's Palace understanding of Chinese history, to increase patriotism we understand the rich culture of the motherland, products like this I think the Government should take more responsibility, he should be careful in the price. (10: 39)
Cho-Chou Kuo: We the company next to a small temple, the temple point, I saw the 40 dollar tickets. (10: 39)
Liu SM: usually is 10 dollars. (10: 39)
Li CA: like this a class, there are somewhat similar nature with the Forbidden City, the Government should take more responsibility, as well as man-made landscape, man-made entertainment field, something completely liberalized, some government subsidies and can take half a diversified somewhat subsidies model, we talked about price increases can not be general about. (10: 40)
Liu SM: I'm simply looked at before, basically do not see the need for differential treatment of speech, is no. (10: 40)
Li CA: I personally feel that China 1.4 billion people, rapidly rising quality of life, people develop type and enjoyment of life changes in this talent, I personally feel that China is still insufficient supply of tourism products, while we talk about the motherland's culture very rich, we have a lot of tourism products, but relative to the needs of 1.4 billion people, a lot of things because it is still a serious shortage of supply of unique, I think in the tourism product development, innovation can have more. people need a lot of places For example, many people to Beijing, nearly one hundred percent of people are willing to go to the Forbidden City and Great Wall. I feel sure that with the situation now appears insufficient supply of a great relationship. (10: 40)
Cho-Chou Kuo: Can you improve service quality Some prices are high, quality of service can not agree. I have an experience, a Chinese New Year, we have a home to hundreds of kilometers of mountains, Wuhan, when a ski resort, we had two dozen people ran into the car , is 50 dollars a ticket into the mountains to ski ski is money, we bought ten people go up. go after that too hot, no snow, not snow can not make the snow slide, we buy ticket's when not told us the 500 dollars to him in vain. (10: 41)
Liu SM: indeed our shame. (10: 41)
Li CA: This question two perspectives , the time when the demand is very great, such as the Forbidden City, for example, after several times I sometimes near the Military Museum, I found the surrounding environment is particularly dirty, the Chang'an Street, the edge of a throw to the paper. because the traffic too, the Chinese quality is not high, throw litter, which increase the service area to increase a cost, the cost prices go up again to his impulses, not raising their prices over the floor if he does not pick up the garbage is problems. We distinguish these spots, and some take more than government subsidies to the way that I restrict traffic, such as the Forbidden City I limit a million people a day, or how many people go in, or less than one million people into traffic. Some area can be opened, and some relatively easy to manage, traffic and load than the larger, I would like to treat different categories products, the healthy development of our tourism market is also good. (10: 41)
Liu SM: You just said that the situation itself is problematic product positioning, Hubei, after all, the location, few opportunities to make snow, he is also innovative, and I can ski the south, and appeal to you, this objective was achieved. It was found that the purpose of fault , and the status of conditions do not support. but it has opened, and advertising has been done, and efficiency is very bad. finally you are going skiing, I can tell you you can not ski, tourism product development that we do now there is blindness, blindness will lead to business failure, business failure, service is not guaranteed. there are 14 million people in total are in high demand, but also need to continue to develop, in fact, the trend of the national tourism investment is in full swing, leading to a new tourist destination we are also another, the overall supply is adequate tourism. We selected more than 100 national parks really need, like southern town's heritage are irreplaceable, Anhui, Anhui also have irreplaceable building, visitors are also from all walks of life, tourism happen in all walks of life to. (10: 41)
Cho-Chou Kuo: According to our current income levels, as well as the cost of judgments, many scenic spots in China ticket prices in the end is what price is reasonable? example Shilin, Stone Forest is now up 200 dollars, like the stone forest in this region is probably what price is reasonable? (10: 42)
Liu SM: He's ticket sales than the local government taken away, made the wages of civil servants, so the project can not open accounts, let us not count the account operator. The central government can control up accounts, the local government do? scenic areas in need of protection within the scope of this part by the central government to shoulder its cost ...
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